W/Q: Ca’isha Xaaji Cabdalle
Waa maxay “Depression”??
Hay’adda Caafimaadka Adduunka ayaa tilmaameysa xanuunkan in uu yahay xanuun saameyn balaaran ku leh bulshooyinka Caalamka. WHO ayaa tilmaameysa 4tii qof ee ku nool dunida in uu qof qabo xanuunkan, sidoo kale dhawaan ayaa la shaaciyay in bulshada Soomaalida ah ay 77%kiiba xaaladdaha maskaxeed ay is baddaleen marka loo bar bardhigo sanadihi hore usii tagay.
Daraasaddan oo ay sameysay Hay’adda Caafimaadka Adduunka(WHO) ayaa tilmaameysa in bulsha weynta Soomaaliyeed 40%kiiba ay la daallaa dhacaayaan xanuunka “depression”-ka oo guud ahaan dunida fara ba’an ku haaya, iyada oo sabab uga dhigeysa, nabad galya la’aanta soo jiitammeysay muddo, dagaallada, cabsida, shaqo la’aanta baahsan ee dhallinyara iyo dhibaatooyinka maalinlaha ah ee indhaha bulshada ka hor dhaca, taasoo marar badan aynu ku weynay dad badan oon jecleyn, iyo weliba xaaldaha bani’aadannimo ee saammeynta ballaaran ku yeeshy bulshada, taasoo abuurtay in dadku ay traumatized noqdaan, iyo weliba drug ama substance abuse-ka, taas oo bulshada aad ugusoo badaneysa samankaan, yadoo waxyeelladeeda muuqata ay ka badantahay middeeda qarsoon, se loo dhug heyn, taas oo uu qofku isku dhaafinaayo culeysyada nolosha, iyo waqtiga, kadibna abuureyso xaalado ka halis badan middi uu qofku islahaa isku dhaafi.
Haddaba xanuunkan waxa uu la yimaada calaamadahan;
• Qofka oo lumiya dareenkiisa rabitaan ama farxadeed.
• Qofka oo dareema mar walba in uu danbiile yahay.
• Hurdada oo uu waayo qofka, amaba ku yaraata.
• Tamarta gofka oo daciifta
• Cunitaanka oo uu ka caago qofka.
• Hammiga qofka oo aad u hoos maro.
Xanuunkan ayaa saameeyay ku dhawaad 350million oo qof oo ku nool adduunka, kuwaasoo isugu jira da’ kasta inti ka sarreysa 15sano. 30% dadkaas ayaa sameeya isku day ay nafafkooda ku halligaan/dilaan. (Self Suicide)!
10-ka waddan ee. Highest Rate-ka uga jira xanuunkan:
1.Ukraine-6.3%
2.United States-5.9%
3.Estonia-5.9%
4.Australia-5.9%
5.Brazil-5.9%
6.Greeze-5.7%
7.Portugal-5.7%
8.Belarus-5.6%
9.Finland-5.6%
10.Lithuania-5.6%
Sababa Xanuunkan?
• Saammeynta Deegaanka.
- Alkuxuulka oo uu gofku isticmaalo ama Drug Abuse.
- Hormoonaadka oo isbaddal ku dhaco.
- Qofka oo uu ku dhaco xanuunno saameeya jirkiisa, ama saammeyn kaga timaadda Daawooyinka qaar.
- Qofka oo waayo qof uu jeclaay, dhibaatooyin dhaqaale, ama furriin.
Siduu haddaba Qofka u caawin karaa nafsaddiisa(Self care).?
• In Qofku uu koontaroolo Cuntadiisa.
• Hurda ku filan in uu qaato.
• In uu ka fogaado dadka negativity-ga badan.
• In uu ka qeyb galo isu immaadyada farxadeed, ama qabto shaqooyin farxad u abuuri kara.
• Inuu qofku qaato nasasho, isaga oo ku qaadanaya meelaha qurxoon ee dhirta leh, ama Badaha ka ag dhaw.
Sidee ayuu Depression-ku saammeyn ugu yeeshaa, caafimaadka qofka? (Physical Symptoms).
• Qofka oo uu haleelo, dagganaanshiya la’aan, iyo murugo joogto ah.
• Qofka in uu isula muuqda danbile, naftiisu hooseyso.
• Walwal,cabsi iyo walaac fara badan.
• Dareenka jinsiyeed oo ka luma qofka(Low sex drive).
• Miisaanka qofka oo aad u dhaco, ama cayilo.
• Caloosha oo fadhido qofka(Constipation)
• Dowrada shahriga oo gabdhaha ka qaldanta( Menstruation problem).
• Sokor ama Dhiig kar ku dhaca qofka.
Xaalada bulsho ee uu dareemo qofka, (Social Symptoms).
•Qofka oo markasta ka fogaada saaxiibaddiisa.
•Qofka oo markasta ka indha qarsada waxyaabaha uu jecelyahay, iyo hobby-giisa.
•Qofka oo ay ku adkaato in uu joogo guriga, shaqada ama goobaha waxbarasho, si guud iyo si gaar ah caqabadaha caafimaad ee uu dareemaayo awgeed, isaga oo nafta ku qasbaayo, in uu marxalad kasta ka dhuunto si uu nafta ula kali noqdo.
Xanuunnadan waa xanuunno kamid ah, xanuunnada laga dhaxli karo depression-ka haddii uu noqdo mid aan la daaweynin ama chronic ku noqda qofka.
• Neurodegenerative diseases like; Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.
• Stroke
• Multiple Sclerosid.
• Seizure disorders.
• Cancer.
• Chronic pain.
Si aad ugaga mashquuliso ama hoos ugu dhigto calaamada depression-ka sameey intaan;
• Hel ama sammeey jimicsi jireed; (Getting regular exercise.)
• Hel hurdo kugu filan oo fiican; (not too little or too much).
• Cun cunto caafimaad qabto; (healthy diet).
• Ka fogaaw cabitaanka alkuxuulka ama alcohol-ka; (which is a depressant.)
• Waqti la qaado dadka adiga ku jecel ee kaa taxaddara markasto.
Sidee depression-ka loo daaweyn karaa haddaba?
Qofka in loo sameeyo 3daan therapy;
- Cognitive behavioral therapy: yadoo laga caawinaayo(situations,thoughts,emotions, physical feelings, actions-ki).
- Interpersonal therapy: Markaan qofka waxaa laga caawinaayaa meelo gaar ah sida;
• Conflict in relationships that is a source of tension and distress.
• * life changes, such as job loss or the birth of a child, that affect people’s feelings about themselves and others.
• * grief and loss.
• * Difficulties in starting or sustaining relationships.
3. Psychodynamic therapy (Psychodynamic therapy focuses on the psychological roots of emotional suffering.)
Iyo in uu qofku qaato daawooyinka antidepressants-ka sida;
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) …
• Serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) …
• Noradrenaline and specific serotonergic antidepressants (NASSAs) …
• Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) …
• Serotonin antagonists and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs) …
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).
Akhriste, haddii aad soo gaartay dhammaadkan, fadhlan isku day in aad iiga jawaabto su’aalahaan.!
1-Hadda maxaad dareemeysaa?
2-Wax kamid ah calaamadaha xanuunkaan weli ma isku aragtay?
3-Haddii aad isku aragtayse muxuu ahaay falcelintaadu?!
4-Malaga yaabaa in uu jiro qof kamid ah qoyskaaga, ama saaxiibaddaada in uu qabo xanuunkan?
5-Sidee ugu abuuri karnaa bulshadeenna wacyi-galin caafimaad oo ku saabsan xaaladdaan?