Suugaanta Cabsicabsida/Horror Fiction/أدب الرعب. WQ: Haatuf Cali

Suugaanta cabsi-cabsidu, waa nooc ka mid ah suugaanta hase yeeshee aad uga duwan laamaheeda kale.

Ujeedkeedu waa in ay dareenka dadka ee naxdinta ah u kiciso si aad u sarreysa, waxa ayna taas u martaa; ka sheekeynta dhacdooyin aan fasir loo heyn, sawiridda waxyaabaha laga baqo, iyo khiyaar-ka-qaadidda qofka maadaama ay ka naxsaneyso. Waa suugaan gabigeeduba baqdin socota ah oo jawiga caadiga ah kaa afduubaysa, kuna dhex geyneysa jawi aad ku dhex lumeyso. Si fudud ayey dareenkaaga u qaadaneysaa oo kula tashan meyso. Jaadsuugaaneedkani waxaa kale oo uu leeyahay xiiso xarga-goys ah, oo adiga oo cabsi bestaa la ah ayaad haddana xammaasad la duuleysaa.

Haddii aad hore u maqli jirtay; Orgoba, Reer-guura-raac, Dhegdheer, Xabaalo-kasoo-bax IWM, kuwaasi waxa ay ahaayeen sheeko-xariirooyin bulshadu sameysay, si ay farriin ugu gudbiso dad aan si kale wax ku weeleyn kareyn, dhallaankuba ha ugu badnaadeene. Tani se iyadoo kuwaa la nooc ah, haddana, waa jaad gooni ah, oo ka mid ah suugaanta qeybteeda tiraabta ah. Haddii kuwaa hore ay sheeko-xariirooyin ahaayeen, tani waa sheeka-faneedyo iyo sheekooyin-gaaban (Novels and short stories), haddii kuwaa bulshadu sameyn jirtay oo qofba in ku dari jirayna, tan qalinley gaar ah ayaa sameeya, haddii kuwaa afka lagu warin jiraynna, tan qalinka ayaa lagu tebiyaa.

Lama oga goorta ay soo billaabatay suugaanta jaadkan ahi. Waxaa se la hubaa in dareenka cabsida ah iyo dadku ay isku lammaanyihiin, taas oo ay ka dhalatay in dadku mar horeba ay curiyeen sheekooyin cabsi leh. Sheeko-xariirooyinkii hore ee ab-ka-soo-gaarka ahaa ayaana taas caddeyn u ah, oo waxa ay xambaarsanaayeen qisooyin dadka cabsi geliya, kii aqriya iyo kii dhegeystana saameeya.

Sheekooyinkaas guunka ahi wey filiqsanyihiin, mana xaddidna xilligii ay soo billowdeen, waxaase la isku raacsan yahay in uu yahay waqti aad u fog.

Sida ay baarayaashu sheegeen, noocan gaarka ah ee suugaanta ka midka ahi, isagoo ah qaabkan uu hadda u yaallo, wuxuu soo billowday, markii ay soo baxeen sheekooyinkii: Gothic Fiction, kuwaas oo shacbiyad weyn yeeshay, soona baxay dabayaaqadii qarnigii 18aad. Sheekadii ugu horreysay ee ka mid ah Gothic Fiction waxey aheyd “The Castle of Otranto/Qalcaddii Otranto” oo soo baxday 1764-ti. Tii ku xigtayna waxa ay ahayd sheekada la yiraahdo “The Mysteries of Udolpho/Siraha Udolpho.” Waxaa kale oo ka mid ah sheekooyinkaan kuwa ugu caansan sheekada: Vathek, ee uu qoray; William Beckford, sheekada Melmoth the Wanderer, oo uu qoray; Charles Robert Maturin, sheekada Frankenstein, oo ay qortay; Mary Shelly, iyo sheekada Dracula, oo uu qoray; Bram Stoker. Sheekooyinkan Gothic Fiction oo gundhig u ah suugaanta cabsi-cabsida, waxa ay ka soo if baxeen carriga Ingriiska (Dhammaadka qarnigii 18aad) halkaas ayeyna Yurubta kale uga faafeen. Suugaanta noocan ahi dhulka Carabta waxa ay soo gaartay, billowga sagaashamaadka qarnigii tegay ee 20-aad.

Suugaanta cabsi-cabsidu, waa suugaan male-awaal ah. Waxaa ayna sooc ku tahay tilmaamahan: 1) Ka sheekeynta meelo anfariir leh iyo deegaanno dahsoon, 2) Waqtiyo kala guur ah oo sheekada ku jira, heer wixii aad u maleysay in aad soo dhaaftay oo ay kaa hareen aad arkeyso ayaga oo ku daba jooga si ay kaaga aargutaan, waqtigii hore iyo kan casriga ah ayaana isku qasan oo sheekadu waa riyo oo kale oo waqti u go’an ma leh, 3) Argagax iyo cabsi joogto ah oo sheekada dhamaanteed ku jira, 4) Shaki iyo isweydiimo badan oo ay dhaliso IWM. Intani waa tilmaamo lagu yaqaan suugaanta cabsi-cabsida. Mawduucyada ay qaadaadhigto suugaantani waxaa ka mid ah: jinka, sixirka, aargudashada, geerida, hummaagga, rooxaanta iwm. Dadka ugu caansan ee suugaanta khaakhda ama cabsi-cabsida sheekooyin ka sameeyay waxaa ka mid ah: Edgar Allan Poe, Howard Phillips Lovecraft, Anne Rice, Carlos Zafon, Robert Louis Stevenson.

1993 waa markii la carabeeyay jaad suugaaneedkan. Waxaa xilligaas dalka Masar ka soo baxday silsillad sheekooyin ah, oo aad u faaftay, akhristayaashuna ay hammuun ku soo dhoweeyeen, iskaba daaye, xitaa dad aan wax akhrin jirin ayay soo jiidatay oo darteed wax akhriska u bartay. Waa silsilladda:” ما وراء الطبيعه Waxa dabiicadda ka shisheeya” ee uu qoray Dr Axmed Khaalid Tawfiiq. Laga soo billaabo 1993-di illaa 2014-ti ayay socotay silsilladdani, waxa ayna ka kooban tahay 80 xalqo(Buug). Silsilladda Waxa dabiicadda ka shisheeya inta aad akhrinayso waad is illoobeysaa, sababtoo ah waa sheekooyin mid ba mid ka daran tahay. Dhacdooyinka argaggaxa leh iyo waxyaabaha aan caadiga ahayn ee ay ka qisooneyso ayaad amakaag ka qaadaysaa, mana sugi kartid dhacdo walba ilaa aad tan xigta uga gudubtid. Dugaaggii Harada/ Dad-Cun, Mowtada Nool/ Lacnaddii Fircoon/ Dhimbishii Cagaarneyd/ Ninkii Barafka/ Quruxleydii Qubuurta/ Gurigii Abeesooyinka/ Lambarka Sharta/ Matxafka Madoow/ Heestii Geerida. Intani iyo in kale waa qaar ka mid ah ciwaannada xalqadaha sheekada. Silsiladda waxa dabiicadda ka shisheeya ayaa Carabta bartay suugaanta cabsida, shacbiyad weyn ayayna ku yeelatay bulshada Carabta dhexdeeda.

Dr Axmed Khaalid Tawfiiq oo ah ninka silsilladdan aadka u dheer curiyay, waxa uu ahaa dhakhtar, macallin jaamacadeed iyo qoraa Masri ah, oo allifi jiray sheekooyinka noocyadooda kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin fantasiga, sci-fi iyo tan aan hadda ka hadlaynno (argaggaxa) 1962-di ayuu Tanta ku dhashay waxa uuna geeriyooday 2018-di. Waxa uu ka tegay buugaag cagacageynaya labo boqol. Waxaana lagu naanaysay “Carabeeye” maadaama uu jaad suugaaneedkan iyo noocyo kale oo fantasigu ku jiro carabeeyay.

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